| Authors: | William Nelson, Edward Wilson-Ewing |
| Abstract: | We examine the possibility that circles in the cosmic microwave background
could be formed by the interaction of a gravitational wave pulse emitted in
some pre-big-bang phase of the universe with the last scattering surface. We
derive the expected size distribution of such circles, as well as their typical
width and (for concentric circles) angular separation. We apply these results
in particular to conformal cyclic cosmology, ekpyrotic cosmology as well as
loop quantum cosmology with and without inflation in order to determine how the
predicted geometric properties of these circles would vary from one model to
the other, and thus, if detected, could allow us to differentiate between
various pre-big-bang cosmological models. We also show that the angular width
and the sine of the angular radius of such circles are inversely proportional.
This relation can be used in order to determine whether or not circles observed
in the cosmic microwave background are due to energetic pre-big-bang events. |
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